This question was closed without grading. Reason: No acceptable answer
Nov 6, 2023 18:07
7 mos ago
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German term

Einstufen-Kollektive

German to English Tech/Engineering Energy / Power Generation Wind turbines
This is about the testing of load and stress for wind turbines components.

Zur Erfassung der Auswirkung von zyklischen Beanspruchungen darf angenommen werden, dass die Belastungsfolge unterschiedlicher zyklischer Amplituden keinen Einfluss auf die akkumulierten Verformungen und die Degradation der Tragfähigkeit am Ende einer Belastungsphase hat.

Es dürfen Einstufen-Kollektive in Form äquivalenter Lastzyklen mit konstanter Amplitude und Periodendauer aus Lasten unterschiedlicher zyklischer Sohlspannungen, Biegemomente oder Verformungen der Gründungskörper abgeleitet werden.

Die Angemessenheit der Vereinfachung ist unter Berücksichtigung des gewählten Nachweisverfahrens und der für Standort und Gründungselement spezifischen Randbedingungen darzulegen.
Proposed translations (English)
1 single-load package

Discussion

Björn Vrooman Nov 8, 2023:
Thanks, Brendan,... ...for the response and the feedback. Didn't post an answer, because I didn't have much time yesterday and it's a very complex topic--but thought I could post some possibly useful information regardless and I'm glad it was!

Best wishes and enjoy your week
Brendan McNally (asker) Nov 8, 2023:
As Björn didn't post an answer, I'll close this without grading, thanks also to Bourth for taking the time to respond.
Brendan McNally (asker) Nov 8, 2023:
Thanks Björn, your links were really helpful. The answer was in the previous Kudos discussion you posted, and is now in the Kudos glossary, i.e. "Kollektiv" is short for "Lastkollektiv", for which the translation is "load spectrum".

So the full term for "Einstufen-Kollektive" = "single-stage load spectrum" for which there are numerous sources with a quick search


Björn Vrooman Nov 6, 2023:
OH... ...and here's the translation of the article quoted below:
https://www.partengineering.com/en/blog/article/using-load-s...

HTH
Björn Vrooman Nov 6, 2023:
The most important from the second link in German is probably this here:
"Ein (Last-)Kollektiv gibt dabei an, wie häufig eine bestimmte Lasthöhe im betrachteten Zeitabschnitt auftritt. Die Lasthöhen werden dabei üblicherweise in disktreten[sic] Laststufen gesammelt (klassiert) und auf den Maximalwert normiert. Die entsprechende Struktursimulation für einen zyklischen Nachweis wird dann für die höchste auftretende Last durchgeführt, die Beanspruchungen für andere Kollektivstufen können durch Skalierung ermittelt werden."

I think the answer is somewhere in those ENS papers, but I'm not seeing it right now.

Best
Björn Vrooman Nov 6, 2023:
@Brendan It's about fatigue:
"Die Berechnung der Schädigung erfolgt je nach Belastungssituation anhand von:

Einstufenkollektiven
Mehrstufenkollektiven
Markovmatrizen
Zeitreihen (Berechnung mit Ansys nCode bzw. hauseigenem Programm)"
https://www.ing-hanke.de/fem-berechnung/ermuedungsfestigkeit...

We've already had multiple Qs about this:
https://www.proz.com/kudoz/german-to-english/engineering-gen...
https://www.proz.com/kudoz/german-to-english/mechanics-mech-...
https://www.proz.com/kudoz/german-to-english/engineering-gen...

Kollektiv means a "Lastkollektiv"; see this helpful guide:
https://www.partengineering.com/de/blog/article/lastkollekti...

Here are two genuine ENS links (a lot of research papers are translated by the authors themselves so I'm always a bit suspicious):
https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy00osti/27510.pdf
https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/75971.pdf

[...]

Proposed translations

1 day 56 mins

single-load package

I don't know about 'wind turbines components', but it its about wind-turbine foundation piles, might it be this?

"Since offshore loads are of course not constant cyclic loads, it is common practice to divide the real and highly variable in situ load series into load packages with constant mean load and amplitude using various methods (e.g. rain flow counting). Subsequently, the individual load packages with corresponding load cycle numbers can be converted into a single load package with clearly defined load parameters ζb and ζc, as well as an equivalent number of load cycles (Nequ), so that this equivalent load package provides a comparable damage or load to the structure as the original load series."
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